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The hardware is more advanced overall than the forthcoming Macintosh 128K the Lisa includes hard disk drive support, capacity for up to 2 megabytes (MB) of random-access memory (RAM), expansion slots, and a larger, higher-resolution display.

These include an operating system with memory protection and a document-oriented workflow. : 79 Only 10,000 Lisa units were sold in two years.Ĭonsidered a commercial failure with technical acclaim, Lisa introduced several advanced features that reappeared on the Macintosh and eventually IBM PC compatibles.

It was affected by its high price, insufficient software, unreliable Apple FileWare floppy disks, and the imminent release of the cheaper and faster Macintosh. It underwent many changes and shipped at US$9,995 (equivalent to $29,400 in 2022) with a five-megabyte hard drive. Earlier GUI controlled personal computers, like the Xerox Alto, although manufactured in several thousands, were only made for Xerox, the University of California, Berkeley, and select partners in Xerox PARC's developments, from the early to mid 1970s.ĭevelopment of project 'LISA' began in 1978. In 1983, a machine like the Lisa was still so expensive that it was primarily marketed to individual and small and medium-size businesses, as a groundbreaking new alternative to much bigger and more expensive mainframes or minicomputers such as from IBM, that either require additional, expensive consultancy from the supplier, hiring specially trained personnel, or at least, a much steeper learning curve to maintain and operate.

It is generally considered the first mass market personal computer operable through a graphical user interface (GUI). Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple, released on January 19, 1983. This Lisa has dual 5.25' 'Twiggy' floppy drives and a 5 MB ProFile hard disk.

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